„Obični“ ljudi u Srbiji i na Kosovu suočavaju se sa istim izazovima (ENGLISH)

Agresor treba da se izvini za zločine počinjene na Kosovu, a zatim treba da uslede i drugi institucionalni koraci, poput obeštećenja. Jedini način da se dođe do pomirenja ili normalizacije odnosa jeste da se prizna ono što se desilo u prošlosti. Ne možemo da nastavimo dalje tako što ćemo zaboraviti, ističe za portal Danasa Aurelja Kadriu, istraživačica Inicijative za usmenu istoriju i aktivistkinja u organizacijama civilnog sektora iz Prištine, u sklopu projekta „Druga strana Kosova“.

• Pitanja Marka Milosavljevića, programskog koordinatora Inicijative mladih za ljudska prava

Na koji način usmena istorija ili usmeno sećanje može biti deo institucionalnog narativa Srbije i Kosova o ratu? Kakav je tretman kulturnog nasleđa od strane kosovskih institucija danas?

– Ovo je striktno lično mišljenje: institucionalni tretman kulturnog nasleđa je u veoma lošem stanju. U poslednje vreme se kulturnom nasleđu posvećuje neka pažnja, ali ona uglavnom dolazi iz civilnog sektora, a ne iz javnih institucija. Mnogo novca je utrošeno da se kulturno nasleđe uništi, umesto da se očuva i zaštiti.

Kakve su reakcije na film „Bubnjevi otpora“ na Kosovu, naročito kod mlađih generacija, koje nisu imale iskustvo paralelnog društva tokom devedesetih godina?

– Mlađe generacije obično imaju malo ili nimalo znanja o paralelnom obrazovnom sistemu, jer to nije nešto o čemu se uči u školama. Većina sećanja na devedesete usredsređena je na ono što se 1999. godine dešavalo na Kosovu. Dakle, kada gledaju film, prva reakcija je „a kada se ovo dogodilo?“. Nakon toga, postavljaju pitanja svojim roditeljima, jer oni pripadaju generacijama koje su pohađale školu u okviru paralelnog obrazovnog sistema, ili su bili deo tog paralelnog života na ovaj ili onaj način.

• Pitanja koja su postavili čitaoci Danasa na društvenim mrežama

Kakva je situacija po pitanju ženskih prava na Kosovu danas?

– Ako govorimo o aktivizmu, načinjeni su veliki pozitivni koraci u smislu zalaganja za prava žena. Kako društvo i institucije tretiraju žene na Kosovu, to je drugo pitanje. Smatram da većina problema nastaje zbog načina razmišljanja koji je duboko ukorenjen u patrijarhalno društvo. Pošto su žene zlostavljane, silovane, pa čak i ubijane, a država ne traga za počiniocima, mislim da su nejednakost i diskriminacija institucionalizovane. Ipak, postoje veoma dobre inicijative i kolektivi koji se bore protiv takve struje i to je ono što daje nadu ovoj zemlji.

Da li su Albanci i Srbi taoci loših politika?

– Apsolutno! Po mom viđenju, „obični“ ljudi u Srbiji i na Kosovu se svakodnevno suočavaju sa istim izazovima; korupcijom, lošim zdravstvenim i obrazovnim sistemom i lošim životnim standardom uopšte. Međutim, svakodnevno nas bombarduju medijskom propagandom koja stvara sliku da postoje problemi među „običnim“ ljudima, a ne između onih koji su na čelu institucija u obe zemlje.

Da li planirate da se povežete sa omladinskim organizacijama u Srbiji koje promovišu dijalog među mladima?

– Već sam imala priliku da sarađujem sa omladinskim organizacijama u Srbiji. Bila je to odlična saradnja koju planiram da nastavim i u budućnosti.

* Sagovornica portala Danas nije odgovorila na sva postavljena pitanja, jer, prema njenim rečima, neka od njih prevazilaze njeno polje rada, zbog čega se ne oseća kompetentnom da na njih da odgovore.

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ENGLISH VERSION

• Questions asked by Marko Milosavljević, program coordinator of the Youth Initiative for Human Rights

In what way can the oral history and memory be part of the institutional narrative of Serbia and Kosovo about the war? How do the institutions of Kosovo treat cultural heritage today?

– This is strictly my own personal opinion – the institutions treat the cultural heritage very badly. Some attention has recently been paid to it, but mostly by the civil society and not by the public institutions. A lot of money has been spent on the destruction of the cultural heritage and not on the preservation and protection of it.

What was the reactions to the film „Drums of Resistance“ in Kosovo, especially among the younger generations who had not experienced parallel society in the 1990s?

– Those who are younger usually have little or no knowledge about the parallel education system, since it is not something that they have been taught about in schools and most of the memories related to the 1990s have been fast-forwarded by the events that took place in 1999 in Kosovo. Therefore, whenever they watch the movie, their initial reaction is “When did this happen?” And then they go on asking their parents about it because most of the parents are people who attended school within the parallel education system or they were the part of that parallel life one way or another.

• Questions posted by Danas social networks followers:

What do you think about the situation regarding women’s rights in Kosovo today?

– If we speak about activism, huge positive steps in terms of advocacy of women’s rights have been made. But the way women are treated by the institutions and the society of Kosovo in general is something else. I think most of the problems come from the mindset which is deeply rooted in the patriarchal society. Since women have been harassed, raped and even killed and the authorities do not search for the culprits, I think the inequality and discrimination have become institutionalized. However, there are very good initiatives and collectives that fight against such a tendency and that is what gives hope to this country.

Are Albanians and Serbs the hostage of bad policies?

– Absolutely! In my opinion, the ordinary citizens in Serbia and Kosovo face the same challenges every day – corruption, bad health and education system and generally low standard of living. But we are affected by the media propaganda every day that paints a picture of the problems being between the ordinary citizens themselves and not between the leaders of institutions of both countries.

Do you plan to make connections with the youth organizations in Serbia that advocate dialogue between young people?

– I have already had the chance to make connections with the youth organizations in Serbia and so far we have got great cooperation that I plan to continue in the future.

• Questions asked by Danas journalists:

What, in your opinion, should be prioritized first and foremost in order to normalize relations between Serbia and Kosovo?

– I think both countries should determine what positions they had in the last war as the first step. The aggressor should apologize for the crimes that were committed in Kosovo and then other institutional steps such as reparations should follow. The only way to reach reconciliation or normalization of relations is to admit what happened in the past. We cannot move on by forgetting, we move on by accepting and deciding to move on nevertheless.

* Danas portal interviewee did not respond to all questions she was asked because, as she said, some of them went beyond her field of work, so she did not feel competent to ansewer them.